LD Glossary
AGNOSIA: Inability to recognize the meaning of sensory stimuli.
APHASIA: Inability to understand or express language whether written or spoken.
AUDITORY ASSOCIATION: Ability to relate spoken words in a meaningful way.
AUDITORY CLOSURE: Ability to accurately conceptualize in complete & meaningful form
words or sounds which are perceived in incomplete form.
AUDITORY DISCRIMINATION: Ability to discriminate between sounds of different
characteristic frequencies.
AUDITORY PERCEPTION: Ability to understand a stimulus that is received by the auditory
system resulting in recognition.
AUDITORY RECEPTION: Ability to understand the spoken word.
COGNITIVE STYLE: An individual's characteristic approach to problem solving & cognitive
tasks.
DIRECTIONALITY: Projecting of all directions from the body into space.
DISTRACTIBILITY: Ready & rapid shifting of attention through a series of unimportant stimuli.
DYSARTHRIA: Defective articulation.
DYSCALCULIA: Calculation disability.
DYSGRAPHIA: Inability to express ideas in writing.
DYSLEXIA: Partial, or complete, inability to read or to understand what one reads either
silently or aloud.
DYSNOMIA: Word-finding disability.
EXECUTIVE FUNCTION SKILLS: The ability to understand & apply concepts, strategies, &
techniques of higher order thinking. Executive Function Skills such as time management,
organization, prioritizing, nonverbal communication, reading social cues & timing of oral
communication are some components of this cognitive area.
EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE: Ability to recall relevant works & sentences to develop those
ideas into a meaningful sequence for the motoric act of speech.
GRAMMAR CLOSURE: Ability which permits one to predict future linguistic events from past
experiences.
HYPERACTIVITY: Excessive motor function or motility.
HYPOACTIVITY: Pronounced absence of motor activity.
IMPERCEPTION: Inability to interpret sensory information correctly.
KINESTHETIC: Sense that yields knowledge from the movements of the muscles of the
body.
LATERALITY: Complete motor awareness of both sides of the body.
PERCEPTION: Process by which the Central Nervous System organizes data.
PERSEVERATION: Persistence of previous responses in spite of their lack of application to
the present situation.
SELECTIVE ATTENTION: Allows one to focus purposefully & for an appropriate length of
time on incoming data that will lead to productive learning.
SOFT SIGNS: Refers to minimal behavioral deviations in a person, reported by a
neurologist, where the traditional neurological examination shows no clear signs of brain
damage or dysfunction.
SPATIAL-TEMPORAL: Ability to translate a simultaneous relationship in space into a serial
relationship in time or vice-versa.
TEMPORAL-SEQUENTIAL ORGANIZATION: Development of time & sequencing. (Visual &
auditory sequences affect short & intermediate memory.)
VISUAL ASSOCIATION: Ability to relate visual symbols in a meaningful way.
VISUAL CLOSURE: Measures the perceptual interpretation of any visual object or thing
when only a part of it is shown.
VISUAL DISCRIMINATION: The ability to see likenesses & differences between visual
patterns.
VISUAL PERCEPTION: Phenomenon of understanding a stimulus that is received by the
visual system resulting in cognition.
VISUAL-SPATIAL ORIENTATION: Learning of spatial relationships by moving bodies &
obtaining feedback from visual, kinesthetic, tactile pathways.
APHASIA: Inability to understand or express language whether written or spoken.
AUDITORY ASSOCIATION: Ability to relate spoken words in a meaningful way.
AUDITORY CLOSURE: Ability to accurately conceptualize in complete & meaningful form
words or sounds which are perceived in incomplete form.
AUDITORY DISCRIMINATION: Ability to discriminate between sounds of different
characteristic frequencies.
AUDITORY PERCEPTION: Ability to understand a stimulus that is received by the auditory
system resulting in recognition.
AUDITORY RECEPTION: Ability to understand the spoken word.
COGNITIVE STYLE: An individual's characteristic approach to problem solving & cognitive
tasks.
DIRECTIONALITY: Projecting of all directions from the body into space.
DISTRACTIBILITY: Ready & rapid shifting of attention through a series of unimportant stimuli.
DYSARTHRIA: Defective articulation.
DYSCALCULIA: Calculation disability.
DYSGRAPHIA: Inability to express ideas in writing.
DYSLEXIA: Partial, or complete, inability to read or to understand what one reads either
silently or aloud.
DYSNOMIA: Word-finding disability.
EXECUTIVE FUNCTION SKILLS: The ability to understand & apply concepts, strategies, &
techniques of higher order thinking. Executive Function Skills such as time management,
organization, prioritizing, nonverbal communication, reading social cues & timing of oral
communication are some components of this cognitive area.
EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE: Ability to recall relevant works & sentences to develop those
ideas into a meaningful sequence for the motoric act of speech.
GRAMMAR CLOSURE: Ability which permits one to predict future linguistic events from past
experiences.
HYPERACTIVITY: Excessive motor function or motility.
HYPOACTIVITY: Pronounced absence of motor activity.
IMPERCEPTION: Inability to interpret sensory information correctly.
KINESTHETIC: Sense that yields knowledge from the movements of the muscles of the
body.
LATERALITY: Complete motor awareness of both sides of the body.
PERCEPTION: Process by which the Central Nervous System organizes data.
PERSEVERATION: Persistence of previous responses in spite of their lack of application to
the present situation.
SELECTIVE ATTENTION: Allows one to focus purposefully & for an appropriate length of
time on incoming data that will lead to productive learning.
SOFT SIGNS: Refers to minimal behavioral deviations in a person, reported by a
neurologist, where the traditional neurological examination shows no clear signs of brain
damage or dysfunction.
SPATIAL-TEMPORAL: Ability to translate a simultaneous relationship in space into a serial
relationship in time or vice-versa.
TEMPORAL-SEQUENTIAL ORGANIZATION: Development of time & sequencing. (Visual &
auditory sequences affect short & intermediate memory.)
VISUAL ASSOCIATION: Ability to relate visual symbols in a meaningful way.
VISUAL CLOSURE: Measures the perceptual interpretation of any visual object or thing
when only a part of it is shown.
VISUAL DISCRIMINATION: The ability to see likenesses & differences between visual
patterns.
VISUAL PERCEPTION: Phenomenon of understanding a stimulus that is received by the
visual system resulting in cognition.
VISUAL-SPATIAL ORIENTATION: Learning of spatial relationships by moving bodies &
obtaining feedback from visual, kinesthetic, tactile pathways.
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Learning Disabilities Association
of Florida
of Florida
